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 English Name |
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Piper root, Indian Long Pepper |
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Latin Name |
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Hindi Name |
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Sanskrit Name |
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Pippali, Magadhi, Kana, Ushana |
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History |
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Habitat |
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It consists of dried, cut, stem pieces of Piper longum Linn. (Fam.
Piperaceae); a slender, aromatic, creeping and perennial herb; native of the hotter parts of the counrty and found wild as well as cultivated extensively in Bengal and southern states. |
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Morphology
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a) Macroscopic
Drug available in cut pieces, having distinct internodes and swollen nodes with a number of small rootlets and root scars; stout, cylindrical, 0.2-0.6 cm thick, reddish brown to grey; odour, aromatic; taste, pungent.
b) Microscopic
Stem - Shows a single layered epidermis followed by a continuous ring of collenchymatous and round to oval thin-walled, parenchymatous cells; vascular bundles show peripheral and medullary arrangment, separated from each other by a wavy strip of sclerenchyma forming a ring, enclosing pith; bundles collateral and arranged in rings, having sclerenchymatous sheath of pericyclic cap over phloem; xylem wedge-shaped; starch grains simple and compound having 2-7 components, round to oval, measuring 3-14 µ in dia., present abundantly throughout the section.
Powder - Reddish-brown to crearnish-grey; under microscope shows scalariform vessels, aseptate fibres, simple and compound starch grains measuring 3-14 µ in diameter.
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Principal Constituents Pharmacology
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Alkaloids (Piperine, Piperlongumine, Piperlonguminine etc), Essential Oils.
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Toxicology
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Indications
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Clinical Test
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